The following command line sets the password on the P12 file to default . [root@centos8-1 tls]# openssl req -new -x509 -days 3650 -passin file:mypass.enc -config openssl.cnf -extensions v3_ca -key private/cakey.pem -out certs/cacert.pem You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -days 365 -nodes. $ openssl req -key domain.key -new -out domain.csr You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. It will be malformed because the hostname is placed in the Common Name (CN) . Running this command provides you with the following output: verify OK Certificate Request… If you don't want your private key encrypting with a password, add the -nodes option. openssl req -x509 -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout /etc/ssl/apache.key -out /etc/ssl/apache.crt You can't use this command to generate a well formed X.509 certificate. Answer the CSR information prompt to complete the process. req: is a request subcommand; it is used to create a certificate signing request or simply a self-signed certificate.-config openssl.cnf: tells OpenSSL which configuration file it should use. Now sign the CSR with 365 days validity and create t1.crt. The -noout switch omits the output of the encoded version of the CSR. openssl req -new -x509 -key bacula_ca.key -out bacula_ca.crt -config openssl.cnf -days 365. OpenSSL "req -x509 -days" - Longer Self-Signed Certificate Can I sign my own CSR with a longer expiration date using the OpenSSL "req -x509" command? # cd /root/ca # openssl req -config openssl.cnf -new -x509 -days 1825 -extensions v3_ca -keyout private/ca.key -out certs/ca.crt. openssl req \ -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout domain.key \ -x509 -days 365 -out domain.crt. While doing this to open CA private key named key.pem we need to enter a password. Openssl uses this internally to keep track of things. That will generate the certificate using the configuration file and setting the expiration date of the certificate to one year out. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. openssl x509 -in waipio.ca.cert.csr -out waipio.ca.cert -req -signkey waipio.ca.key -days 365 Create a PKCS#12-encoded file containing the certificate and private key. The -days 365 option specifies that the certificate will be valid for 365 days. openssl req -text -in yourdomain.csr -noout -verify. openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -days 365. The -verify switch checks the signature of the file to make sure it hasn't been modified. I want to use this certificate as an internal root CA for 10 years. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. openssl x509 -req -in localhost.csr -signkey root-CA.pem -out localhost.crt -days 365 -sha256 Are these commands are same? The -x509 option tells req to create a self-signed cerificate. $ openssl x509 -req -sha256 -days 365 -in server.csr -signkey server.key -out server.crt -extfile config.cnf Alternately, you can use the -x509 argument to the req command to generate a self-signed certificate in a single command, rather than first creating a request and then a certificate. 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